- #ABBREVIATIONS FOR WORDS ONLINE FULL#
- #ABBREVIATIONS FOR WORDS ONLINE PROFESSIONAL#
- #ABBREVIATIONS FOR WORDS ONLINE SERIES#
A snippet like "5." may be read as a cardinal number followed by a sentence delimiter in "The first convulsion occurred at the age of 5.". Periods also frequently occur as markers for ordinal numbers, where we observe similar ambiguities. Ad-hoc abbreviations are not lexicalized, but they commonly constitute substrings that are specific to a lexicon entry (albeit not necessarily to any determined inflection or derivation). As long as they are intuitively understandable, these ad-hoc abbreviations are tolerated in medical notes, although they would never be admitted by medical publishers. Examples: "Penicillinallerg." (".ie"), "melanozyt." (".ische"), "paraffineingebett." (".et"). We have also observed a tendency towards unusually lengthy abbreviations, chosen as a means to abbreviate long words (often single-word compounds) at the point where their (visual) completion by the reader can be taken for granted. Physicians comply surprisingly well with this rule (in contrast to other editing errors they commit), and the exceptions are limited to a few frequent and short examples (e.g. Non acronymic non-period abbreviations (like "Prof") are generally disallowed. Our texts are in the German language, where abbreviations are nearly mandatorily followed by a period - in contrast to acronyms, which catch one's eye by the collocation of several capital letters and, occasionally, digits.
This is why we focus here on the use of the period character to distinguish between sentence limits and abbreviations. Ĭlinical language is characterized, among other peculiarities like misspellings, punctuation errors and incomplete sentences, by an abundance of acronyms and abbreviations. Thus, discharge summaries are important vehicles for inter-physician communication, but they have also been increasingly valued as a rich source for the extraction of clinical information within so-called secondary use scenarios. Discharge summaries, in particular, constitute a rich abstract of those facts in a treatment episode that are considered relevant for decision making. In general, narratives constitute the most comprehensive and elaborate part of electronic patient records.
#ABBREVIATIONS FOR WORDS ONLINE PROFESSIONAL#
Our clinical documentation use case focuses on text as it is typed into the computer by the physician at the point of care, or alternatively dictated and then processed by professional typists. We will investigate methods for identifying and classifying period characters in these text types, as a sub task of the so-called sentence boundary detection problem. Compared to fictional or journalistic texts, this distinction is particularly relevant for narrative clinical notes, in which periods are much more frequent.
#ABBREVIATIONS FOR WORDS ONLINE FULL#
In addition, if a system fails to identify abbreviations, their interpretation by mapping to full forms is impaired. If the roles of period characters are not appropriately clarified, sentences are split improperly, which has a severe impact on text analytics. However, we consider the correction of such punctuation errors as a separate problem outside the scope of this study. This may be confounded with cases in which the space after a period is erroneously omitted, which masks token and sentence boundaries. In cases where the period is enclosed between two alphanumeric characters, it is considered an internal part of a token.
#ABBREVIATIONS FOR WORDS ONLINE SERIES#
Periods also occur in numeric expressions ("13.2 mg") including dates (""), as well as in a series of specialized names like file names ("readme.txt"), web addresses (" "), or codes (e.g. Besides its primary use as a sentence delimiter, the period is often collocated with an abbreviation ("e.g.", "etc.", "Prof."). The full stop or period character is known to be ambiguous.
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